ECONOMIC Series of the Bulletin of the L N Gumilyov ENU

Statistical assessment of trends in leading indicators of business cycle in the economy of Kazakhstan

2023-08-07T07:01:22+00:00

The growth in the number of leading indicators in world practice attracts the close attention of economists in the interests of quantitative assessment of the country's macroeconomics. The purpose of the article is to model and provide short-term forecasts of business cycles of the Kazakhstan economy in relation to leading indicators calculated from enterprise surveys.

This study presents a composite leading indicator for Kazakhstan's economy, which includes subindexes of business activity. The study also includes calculations and analysis of impulse response functions, decomposition of dispersions, data visualization, trend assessments, and modeling of correlation relationships and impulse response functions for short-term forecasting.

Statistical methods confirmed the scientific hypothesis about the manifestation of predictive properties in sub-indices of business activity in four sectors of the economy. Subindices of business activity have a positively directed effect of influence. The advanced waiting time for future changes is signaled 5,8,10 months ahead.

A contribution has been made to the theoretical proposition that sub-indices of business activity of economic sectors are leading indicators and serve as a tool for short-term forecasting, timely formation of preventive measures and management of economic development.

The authors of the article recommend that the regulator and government agencies take into account the amazing results obtained when monitoring and forecasting the economic cycle of Kazakhstan on a monthly basis, when developing economic policy to timely counteract market fluctuations.

Regional aspects of the development of the market of agricultural organic products of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2023-12-19T03:25:32+00:00

The modern economic paradigm of the development of a market economy, one of the components of which are the methodological provisions of the production, sale and consumption of agricultural organic products, is based on theoretical concepts and existing practices of the food market, is a kind of "marker of cultural identity" of modern society. In the modern world, an increasing number of people want to lead a healthy lifestyle and eat environmentally friendly, organic products. Organic products are becoming more and more in demand among many segments of the population, in connection with which a new segment of the traditional food market has appeared and is actively developing - the market of organic agricultural products.

At the present stage, there are two main ways of organizing and conducting agriculture: organic, based on the use of natural resources of nature and chemized, in which resources of chemical origin are additionally used. The use of most inorganic resources in agricultural production has a negative impact on the environment, and through the products produced - on human health. This fact was the reason for the beginning of the revival of organic agriculture in the last four to five decades.

The topic of organization and functioning of the organic food market of agricultural organic products is relevant for modern Kazakhstan. The reasons for the current situation are: problems with the quality of food consumed by the population; environmental pollution; insufficient development and application of organic technologies in agriculture; introduction of harmful additives into the composition of processed products. The resource and scientific potentials available in the regions of the country create opportunities for the production and sale on a large scale of environmentally friendly food, which is in high demand all over the world.

Global trends and sustainable development in the economy: global trends and domestic experience

2023-11-14T13:02:42+00:00

The proposed scientific article examines the scientific works of scientists, various economic schools, international authoritative organizations in the field of sustainable development, economic globalization. In the course of the study, the authors determined that the traditional model of economic growth has largely exhausted itself and there is no alternative to sustainable development, and the increase in environmental tensions, awareness of the danger of further development of the frontal economy will increasingly force countries to try to take into account environmental factors and introduce new economic models.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the formation of the architecture of the world order in the XXI century is based on a combination of increasingly complex processes of competition between countries and companies.

While traditional macro indicators remain a measure of human well-being, there are huge obstacles to change. The market sees only efficiency, it is not adapted to feel fairness or sustainability. In this regard, focusing on traditional economic indicators in the future may hinder the transition to sustainable development. In this regard, the authors agreed that indicators reflecting environmental and social problems, rather than formal macroeconomic growth indicators, should play an increasingly important role, reasonable proposals and ways of improvement have also been developed, opportunities for integrating advanced models into domestic experience are provided, taking into account global challenges.

Forecasting the economic growth of the country by analyzing the cycles of K.Zhuglyar and S.Kuznets (On the example of Kazakhstan)

2024-03-01T06:59:13+00:00

The article considers the medium-term conditions of economic growth in the world and the Republic of Kazakhstan based on the cycles of K. Juglar and S. Kuznets. The main drivers ensuring the current economic growth and development of the Republic of Kazakhstan have been identified. The analysis of the main macroeconomic indicators determining economic growth in the middle period is carried out. The modern conditions and phases of development of the types of the medium-term economic cycle are determined. Along with economic growth, the main macroeconomic indicators of the socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan are analyzed. A review of the literature on the study of the theoretical foundations and practical applications in the science of economic growth and economic cycles has been conducted and the practical significance and relevance of these concepts have been revealed at the present time. Based on the assessment results and facts, the degree of development of each factor is ranked. The main directions of current and economic development in the Republic of Kazakhstan are defined, the levels of influence of factors on them are differentiated. The author's approach proves the main factors ensuring the further economic growth of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the results of the assessment of the main indicators, the peculiarities of the socio-economic development of the country, as well as the theoretical foundations of research, scientifically based recommendations have been developed to ensure stability in the medium-term economic growth of the country.

Current issues of financing research and development in Kazakhstan

2024-02-23T11:32:19+00:00

The main indicators of the science state and development in the Republic of Kazakhstan analyzed. The article examines the sources of financing for research and development work (here and after - R&D) and changes in the dynamics of R&D costs. The authors provide an overview of the sources devoted to this problem.

Reviewing the issues of R&D financing the conclusion that in Kazakhstan's modern conditions it is necessary to activate and attract private capital in the field of R&D financing with further implementation in practice has made. The state finances R&D to a greater extent free of charge, but there is a low degree of its implementation effectiveness. As far as the share of private business financial resources in R&D higher, the greater an effect of R&D returns in GDP. The return on private investments to GDP is higher due to their profit orientation, flexibility and more active participation in innovative projects. Private companies usually try to choose projects that promise high returns and turn out to be more productive. The paper presents: a correlation analysis showing the dependence of the level of gross domestic product and domestic R&D costs; a forecast of further growth in domestic R&D costs. The growth of R&D costs is an important aspect for the formation of a knowledge-based economy, as well as increasing the level of R&D costs to the level of industrialized countries.

Analysis of the problems of development of intellectual potential of Kazakhstan in the conditions of innovative economy

2024-02-23T10:57:51+00:00

The innovative economy evolves in tandem with the growth of intellectual potential, signifying a symbiotic relationship with scientific advancements. Intellectual human capital emerges as the pivotal force propelling this economic paradigm. This study addresses challenges in cultivating intellectual potential for fostering an innovative economy.

The purpose of the study is to identify the main problems in the development of intellectual potential in the formation of an innovative economy.

Utilizing a system-structural-functional approach, a SWOT analysis delves into Kazakhstan's intellectual potential development. Strengths and weaknesses revealed not only positive aspects but also critical deficiencies hindering intellectual potential and impeding innovative economic formation. These include inadequate educational and research infrastructure, educational quality disparities between urban and rural schools, migration of technically skilled individuals seeking better opportunities abroad, a dearth of innovation traditions, and a declining number of scientists.

The findings underscore the need for systemic improvements. Identified issues emphasize underdeveloped education infrastructure, educational inequalities, talent migration, innovation gaps, and a diminishing scientific workforce. The study proposes strategic priorities to activate an innovative economy, focusing on strengthening human capital and intellectual potential. These insights aim to guide targeted development efforts and foster an environment conducive to innovation.

Exploring the Influence of Gender Characteristics on Consumer Behavior: A Contingency Analysis

2023-12-01T06:06:05+00:00

The digital transformation of the shopping sector has changed consumer behavior, becoming a new reality of social and economic life. There is an emerging need to study the peculiarities of consumer behavior to identify the priority factors that influence the online purchase decision. Among these factors, we can highlight individual demographic characteristics of buyers, which have different degrees of influence on the choice and purchase of goods. The study was conducted using various scientific methods and analytical tools. The authors conducted a Google Form survey to study consumer online shopping behavior, the results of which were processed using the SPSS STATISTICS program.

To study the statistical correlation of variables, the authors used contingency analysis to represent the multivariate frequency distribution of two or more characteristics. The gender of respondents was considered the independent variable, and the attitude of respondents to online shopping was considered the dependent variable. The paper's authors made several hypotheses tested using Fisher's and Pearson's chi-square test of agreement.

The authors found that gender does not influence the choice of marketing channel. However, when analyzing the factors that matter when respondents are making an online purchase, it was found that gender affects consumer behavior. The study results are applied and enable entrepreneurs to understand the preferences of their target audience and build an effective gender-balanced product promotion strategy.

The Main Directions of the Implementation of the State Anti-Corruption Policy Aimed at Reducing Income Inequality

2024-02-23T08:58:24+00:00

In the modern world, the problem of corruption and social inequality remain one of the key challenges for many countries. This article is devoted to the study of the main directions of the implementation of the state anti-corruption policy with an emphasis on reducing social and economic inequality. Corruption, being one of the main factors contributing to the widening gap between rich and poor segments of the population, requires attention and a systematic approach in the context of developing measures to reduce social disparities. This paper examines various anti-corruption strategies, assesses their impact on the income levels of various social groups, and suggests practical approaches to improving the situation through effective anti-corruption policies and measures to increase transparency of financial transactions. The main research methods are analysis, historical research method and forecasting method. The results of this study can serve as a basis for the development and implementation of measures aimed at reducing income inequality through effective anti-corruption activities.

Empirical analysis of the impact of foreign trade on economic growth in Kazakhstan

2024-01-26T09:33:42+00:00

After the last place in the world, the countries after the pandemic of COVID-19 are making great efforts to restore their economy. Between 2019 and 2021, the volume of foreign trade between countries fluctuated. In general, foreign trade has a positive influence on the growth of the country's economy. On this basis, increasing the volume of foreign trade, states try to conduct their policies competently. The relationship between foreign trade and economic growth begins with the emergence of the international economy. Foreign trade is one of the main factors of economic growth. In order for countries to have economic relations with each other, they should be engaged in activities that provide currency flow, increasing their export potential. The main tasks of foreign trade are to ensure economic growth and development and to accelerate growth. Research in economics shows that foreign trade has both positive and negative effects on the growth of national economies. In this study, the relationship between Kazakhstan's economic growth and foreign trade was analyzed with data from 1995-2022. After analyzing the general indicators of Kazakhstan's foreign trade, it was determined which areas of the economy have the potential for priority directions in the future. The international trade volume and its general situation have been analyzed, starting from the planned economy led by the Soviet government, up to the current period.

Foreign and domestic experience of financial support of the agricultural sector

2024-02-20T10:10:04+00:00

In the conditions of global reality, priority is given to the development of the agricultural sector. In the near future, the production and processing of agricultural products should become a source of diversification, a driver of economic growth. Hence, the task is to support and finance this industry. Therefore, the purpose of the scientific article is to study the main directions of financial support for the agricultural sector of foreign countries and systematize the domestic experience of state regulation of agricultural production. In the course of this study, methods of statistical and comparative analysis, generalization, system approach, logical, synthetic method were used. As a result of this study, the main directions of financial support for the agricultural sector of countries with high, medium and low income levels were identified: ensuring the profitability of agricultural production through the establishment and regulation of market prices for agricultural products; various subsidies for targeted use in priority areas; various compensation payments; payments of financial resources, the amount of which depends on the size of acreage. The analysis of the specifics of financing the domestic agricultural sector revealed that state support for entrepreneurship in this area is carried out by introducing preferential taxation for subjects of the agro-industrial complex, providing subsidies, providing preferential loans, etc. The features of financing of the domestic agricultural sector are analyzed, the problems existing in this industry are identified. Conclusions –the conducted analysis of foreign experience testifies to the active role of the state in creating favorable conditions for the development of the agricultural sector. We consider it possible to use the experience of foreign countries in the field of providing support to agriculture during conducting tax and credit policy.

Problems and prospects of financial support for the industrial and innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the transformation of the global financial system

2023-11-23T11:10:21+00:00

Purpose of the research. The purpose of this article is to identify the problems and prospects of financial support for the industrial and innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the transformation of the global financial system.

Methodology. To achieve this goal, the article used the methods of interdisciplinary research, we used the methods of deduction and induction at the stage of identifying the state of financing the innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, methods of analysis and synthesis, involving the study of financial aspects of financing innovation in parts and in general, which provided a systematic approach to research problems of financial support for innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Originality / value of the research.. This study is the result of the author's development of the problem of financial support for the industrial and innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the transformation of the global financial system. All fundamental provisions and proposals given in this article belong directly to the author of this article and are not borrowed, as evidenced by the absence of significant elements of plagiarism in the article. The value of the study lies in the fact that the author proposes an integrated approach to the financing of innovative activities with the involvement of various forms of financing and tools that stimulate this activity.

Findings. As a result of the study, it was found that the main burden of financing the innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan lies with the state budget, which, due to objective reasons, is not able to fully meet the needs of the innovative development of Kazakhstan's eclonomy.

At the stage of discussion of the results obtained, a scheme for improving the financial support of the innovative development of the national economy was proposed, which includes a number of blocks, which, through a combination of various methods of financing and stimulating innovative activity, is able to increase the overall level of financing of innovative activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan at the expense of financial resources located at the disposal of the national economy.

Problems of ensuring transparency of the fiscal sphere of Kazakhstan

2023-12-08T11:26:13+00:00

Kazakhstan, as a country with a diverse economy and rich natural resources, strives for sustainable economic development and strengthening its position in the world arena. One of the key factors contributing to the achievement of these goals is transparency in the fiscal sphere.

The purpose of the article is to study the impact of financial transparency on citizens' trust in local authorities and their behavior in relation to income payment. When explaining the relationship between financial transparency, trust and willingness to pay, it relies on management and public choice theories.

Based on the conducted research, it was found that financial transparency has a positive effect on citizens' trust in local authorities and their willingness to pay taxes and fees. The study also showed that both financial transparency and trust in local authorities in Kazakhstan are not at a high level.

The practical significance lies in assessing the importance of financial transparency to increase trust and willingness to pay. Thus, local authorities are encouraged to look for innovative ways to improve the quality and accessibility of financial information for citizens.

The study shows that the heads of local authorities who maximize the budget prefer to increase the mobilization of income in order to be able to provide more public services that meet the expectations of citizens.

The current state of financial support for the healthcare system in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2024-03-04T07:58:13+00:00

The authors examined the main aspects of financial support for the healthcare system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The stages of formation of the healthcare financing model are considered. Particular attention is paid to the budgetary and insurance model of healthcare. The subject of the study is socio-economic relations related to improving the financial support of the healthcare system. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of public and private expenditures on health care, and compared these expenditures with OECD countries. The healthcare system is characterized by a variety of funding sources: budget funds, contributions from the compulsory social health insurance fund, private expenses. Among the sources of financing, the largest share comes from government spending. Based on the analysis, the main problems of healthcare financing were identified, and appropriate conclusions were drawn.

The following scientific methods are used in the work: comparative analysis, synthesis, literature review, statistical and economic-mathematical methods. Based on economic and mathematical methods, a forecast of healthcare costs was carried out; the results of the forecast show that in the medium term the indicator will have a slight growth trend. The results of the study can be used by state and local governments to develop an optimal healthcare financing model. The empirical base consisted of legislative acts in the field of healthcare, official publications, analytical and statistical collections.

The use of regulatory technologies (regtech) in the digitalization of the banking sector

2024-01-23T10:41:51+00:00

Regulatory technologies (RegTech) are a new paradigm of supervision in the banking sector. The use of RegTech is widespread among second-tier banks in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the article was to consider the potential of RegTech solutions for automating rules and principles, and their application in the second-tier banking system in Kazakhstan (on the example of Kaspi BANK JSC).

The analysis focused on the implementation of regulatory technologies in the banking sector of Kazakhstan. The level of implementation of regulatory technologies in the banking sector of Kazakhstan was studied by the method of analysis. It studied the level of digital development of the advanced innovative bank 'KASPI Bank' and its impact on financial indicators. The use of technology, solving everyday problems, allows bank regulators to save costs, optimize resources, and improve speed and flexibility. RegTech is not only an advanced version of risk management and compliance solution. It also utilises cloud technologies, machine learning, big data analysis to integrate and analyze banking data. Its solutions include identifying, predicting, and mitigating risks to the organisation. According to the results of the study, the increase in the number of non-cash transactions in the state and the excess of payments made via the internet or mobile phone over the traditional POS terminal indicate the high role of digital technologies in the development of the country's banking sector.

The current state of the investment policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2024-03-13T07:28:26+00:00

The article analyzes the current state of the investment policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, taking into account its development and changes in recent years. The purpose of the article is to assess the main directions and achievements of investment policy in the context of modern challenges and opportunities. An overview of key strategies, measures and reforms aimed at attracting and supporting investments in the country's economy is being conducted. The factors influencing the investment climate and attractiveness of Kazakhstan for foreign and domestic investors are analyzed. The current trends and challenges faced by the country's investment policy are also considered, as well as the prospects for its further development. Since the company operates in the context of the external environment, it is important to take into account the impact of this environment on its investment attractiveness. An assessment of macroeconomic factors is necessary to develop a strategy to minimize risks and threats to the external environment. The study and forecasting of the investment market is based on the methodological principles of assessing the attractiveness of its segments. In turn, the attractiveness of an enterprise's investments largely depends on the attractiveness of the industry in which it operates, and therefore has an impact on the attractiveness of investments in the region and the national economy as a whole. When analyzing and evaluating investment attractiveness, attention should be paid to the study of the impact of this aspect, since it is the environment in which the organization operates that can determine a number of specific factors affecting the analysis.

Analysis of the investment portfolio of financial development institutions in Kazakhstan

2024-03-05T13:23:57+00:00

The article presents a study of the current state of financing of investment projects by one of the most important financial institutions of development – JSC "Development Bank of Kazakhstan", which takes a special part in the process of financing investment projects in Kazakhstan. The authors analyzed the annual size of the loan portfolio within the framework of direct lending to finance investment projects of the Development Bank of Kazakhstan JSC over the past four years. Based on official statistical data, a more detailed analysis of loans issued to finance investment projects of Development Bank of Kazakhstan JSC in the context of the main ten industry structures was carried out, and changes in 2022 to 2019 and 2022 to 2021 were also considered. The authors have revealed the regional structure of the loan portfolio of the Development Bank of Kazakhstan JSC in numerical terms.

The article suggests ways to develop financial development institutions to support and further develop investment projects in Kazakhstan.

Specifics of the implementation of key parameters for the systematization of PPP projects

2023-11-22T05:52:29+00:00

The purpose of writing this paper is the theoretical substantiation of the thesis about the system of public-private partnership as an optimal tool for the development of energy efficiency of domestic production and its transfer to the innovative nature of development. When solving the problem of effective design of the mechanism of regulation of national and regional industrial markets in order to increase the resource efficiency of production activities and, as a result, increase the competitiveness of industrial enterprises, it is necessary to take into account the presence of significant sectoral heterogeneity of these markets. This heterogeneity is manifested not only in the existence of industries that perform different economic and production functions and, accordingly, perform various social functions, but also in the geographical space of the region. This means that in the process of forming the target set of management of the aggregate industry market, it is necessary to start from the existing sectoral and institutional specifics in the market. In this case, the specifics of the company are a combination of resources and the presence of goals that represent the embodiment of the strategic vision of the company's development by its management. In the structure of the institutions of the company's external environment, elements can be identified that exist independently of its functioning, on which it cannot have a significant impact, but which have a significant impact.

Development of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget

2024-03-18T05:15:48+00:00

This article discusses the issues of transition and preparation of consolidated financial statements on the execution of the republican budget in accordance with international financial reporting standards for the public sector in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as their impact on the results of the audit of consolidated financial statements on the execution of the republican budget. The significance of the transition to international financial reporting standards for the public sector is given. The ways of adopting international financial reporting standards for the public sector are considered, and how this should happen. The main problems of the adoption of international financial reporting standards for the public sector were identified, and the main points of solving these issues were considered. It is concluded that international financial reporting standards for the public sector are of great importance for the results of the audit of consolidated financial statements on the execution of the republican budget both for the country and for society.

Management control system that institutionalizes the integrated reporting process

2023-11-23T04:10:24+00:00

The purpose of the article is to deepen our understanding of the relationship between management control and integrated reporting, as well as whether management control systems (ICS) facilitate or limit the preparation of Integrated Reporting. Management control systems (ICS) consider how they can cover, limit, and implement the integrated reporting process in organizations. Methodology in an interactive, interpretive and qualitative study noted the characteristic applied to the study as "the results of the study are usually unique and cannot be generalized". A deeper understanding of the relationship between management control systems and the creation of Integrated Reports is important, but integrated reporting is considered on the example of Kazatomprom JSC, since it is a topic that has not been sufficiently studied in the scientific literature. In the study, we evaluate the Sustainable Development Goals of the company in detail using the management control system, institutional work. Organizational culture, specific tasks and influence on the development of a constantly integrated reporting process with stakeholders. In addition, it helps to implement a multi-stage integrated reporting process that continuously interacts with stakeholders. Conclusion, detailed information about the management control system in relation to the process of preparing an integrated report, may be of interest to modern integrated reporting (owner) specialists and organizations considering the introduction of Integrated Reporting.

New edition of the Budget Code and concerns of improving budget policy

2024-01-31T08:54:30+00:00

In this paper, we were pursuing the goal to consider the main changes made to the new edition of the Budget Code, their meaning and role in public financial management. The necessity to update approaches to the formation and implementation of budget policy required the development of a new edition of the Budget Code, since reforming the budget system and improving budget policy is fundamentally based on the provisions of the Budget Code.

In accordance with the purpose, the paper, using abstract-logical and comparative methods, examines the content of individual sections and chapters of the draft new edition of the Budget Code, which was recently reviewed at a government meeting, and the indicators of the draft republican budget for the upcoming three-year period. It was noted that the content of the draft new edition of the Budget Code is aimed, first of all, at simplifying budget processes, improving interbudgetary relations and improving the quality of public financial management

As a result of studying the concerns under consideration, it was substantiated that the content of the new edition of the Budget Code will contribute to the implementation of the new economic course outlined by the head of state in this year’s Address, improving approaches to the formation and implementation of budget policy, ensuring, first of all, the consolidation of all financial flows of the state, control strict adherence to budget rules and accountability of government bodies, including entities in the quasi-public sector of the economy.

The impact of intangible cultural heritage on the formation of sustainable tourism

2024-02-26T11:36:37+00:00

This article is devoted to the study of the role of intangible cultural heritage in the process of formation of sustainable tourism. The article analyzes various aspects of the relationship between intangible cultural heritage and tourism development, and also examines its impact on sustainable tourism practices and the environment. The results of empirical studies conducted in regions more developed in the tourism sector are also presented. The analysis of the study made it possible to determine the role of intangible cultural heritage in attracting tourists, their satisfaction and increasing the level of consumption of tourism products. The importance of measures to preserve and popularize intangible cultural heritage for the purposes of sustainable development of the tourism industry has also been studied. The final part of the article expresses an opinion on the importance of taking into account intangible cultural heritage when developing a tourism development strategy. The importance of strengthening cooperation between governmental and non-governmental organizations and local communities to protect and promote intangible cultural heritage was explored in order to create a sustainable and unique tourism product.

The role of elements influencing the formation of the image of the city in the branding process: on the example of the city of Turkestan

2024-01-08T03:37:14+00:00

In the article, the authors examined the role of elements influencing the formation of the city's image in the branding process.

The purpose of the research is to identify elements that affect the image of the city in the branding process, and to provide interested parties in the tourism industry with proposals that can contribute to the development of the city. The analysis is aimed at the influence of urban branding on the perception of Turkestan by foreign tourists and the decision to visit it. In addition, he studies the tourist values associated with Turkestan and the perception of its inhabitants.

This study used statistical and empirical methods, which used the SPSS 22 program to analyze survey responses. Correlation, regression and variance methods were used to obtain the results.

Descriptive statistics show that historical sites play an important role in strengthening the perception of the value of the Turkestan brand. The study also highlights the shortcomings of the city's tourist infrastructure and provides recommendations for improvement.

Provides valuable information about the factors affecting the image of the Turkestan brand, and gives recommendations to the heads of cities to increase the attractiveness of the city. The results highlight the importance of improving visitor experiences, using technology for effective branding, displaying religious and cultural heritage, and investing in tourism infrastructure.

Development of rural tourism in Kazakhstan as a priority direction for diversification of agribusiness

2024-02-06T07:42:26+00:00

The agricultural sector of any national economy primarily solves the problems of its sustainability in the dynamically changing conditions of market relations. In this regard, it is logical that the state is the guarantor of the consistent implementation of the tasks of economic regulation, and conscious and purposeful coordination of the processes of market transformations in the agricultural sector. Agriculture in Kazakhstan, being one of the key sectors of the country's economy, is no exception in this regard, having considerable development potential for the implementation of diversification processes in the agricultural sector of the economy [1].

In connection with the above, development of rural tourism, the potential of which is huge, can be an effective solution to diversify the national economy. However, in Kazakhstan, this direction of tourism is only at the earliest stage of its development and is not practically implemented. Although the promotion of rural tourism contributes to improving rural infrastructure, improving living standards and, finally, preserving and promoting cultural heritage, traditions and crafts, which is important for preserving the unique identity of the region.

This article examines the process of diversification in agricultural enterprises and will make an attempt to assess its effectiveness in the development of rural tourism.

Modeling the community-based ecotourism development in the Ulytau National Park

2024-03-04T07:50:06+00:00

The purpose of this paper is to study the factors influencing the support of the local community in the development of ecotourism in the Ulytau National Park. In the course of the study, a mixed approach to the study was employed, including qualitative and quantitative methods, an official survey of residents of the Ulytau region was conducted in the period from November to December 2023. A total of 389 respondent responses were analyzed using the SMART-PLS statistical package with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test hypotheses. In addition, the study used a quantitative research method, the Sustainable Tourism Attitudes Scale (SUS-TAS), to collect data. The study aims to understand residents’ attitude towards the development of ecotourism in the region.

The results of the study based on structural equation modelling (SEM) show that maximizing local community participation, perceived benefit, ensuring environmental sustainability, and creation of a community-centric economy have a direct and positive impact on supporting the development of ecotourism in the region, while negative perceptions of the social cost of tourism development have an adverse impact. The formation of a community-centered economy is becoming the most influential factor in supporting the sustainable development of ecotourism. Locals are generally positive about the development of ecotourism, especially in terms of environmental sustainability and resource protection and conservation. However, there are concerns about the social costs of tourism development.

Financial aspects and criteria approach to the assessment of tourism development in Kazakhstan

2024-02-21T10:36:04+00:00

Nowadays, thanks to tourism and its multiplier effect, it is possible to solve issues of employment and replenishment of the state treasury at all levels. Of course, tourism is one of the drivers of the economy. It is a trigger for raising the country's brand at the international level, and therefore, today, the effectiveness of invested funds in this industry is one of the main issues on the agenda. The roots of solving this issue begin with a competent investment policy of each enterprise. Due to the urgent problem of chronic financial constraints, such processes require appropriate management and regulation at all levels, including the state.

The examination centers on a significant issue encountered by tourism endeavors. Inadequate funding stands as a prevalent obstacle impeding the progress of tourism, leading to the gradual decline of several sought-after tourist locales. As with all investments, the main issue is the definition of criteria that should give an understanding of the effectiveness, timeliness and necessity of a particular tourism project. The essence of the investment project is the creation of added value. If the project does this, then it needs to be funded. The next issue is to determine the capital structure that is needed for its effective weighted average cost.

This article delves into the financial and investment dimensions of tourism development in the economy. Recommendations are provided to enhance the financial and investment support for tourism activities. It emphasizes the positive principles governing the functioning of the tourism business. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to structure the necessary processes of tourism for its continuous development and clearly identify the mechanisms for the movement of funds, employment and innovation in this area.

Analysis of tourist potential of the Abay region

2024-02-08T06:59:51+00:00

The article discusses tourism opportunities and ways to identify and use the tourism potential of the Abay region, information about their improvement. The tourism industry is part of the country's economy, determining the socio-economic development of the republic based on the use of recreational resources. Today, large-scale work is being carried out in Kazakhstan to reform tourism and the tourism business development strategy. The problem of sustainable and social development of tourism has been and remains relevant throughout the entire historical development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The development of tourism helps to improve the socio-economic situation of the region: the development of entrepreneurship, earnings, jobs, thereby reducing poverty. The geographical location of the Abay region, analysis of features and development, tourist factors and competitive advantages of the region are given. The article examines the main types of tourism in the Abay region, and also analyzes the main indicators of tourism development in this region and the current situation. A SWOT analysis of the tourism potential of the Abay region was carried out: the strengths and weaknesses of tourism, as well as the opportunities and threats of the region were shown. Factors hindering the development of inbound and outbound tourism and factors that positively influence the development of tourism in the Abay region have been identified. The article examines the main types of tourism in the Abay region, and also offers an analysis of the main indicators of tourism development in this region and the current situation.