Economic series of the Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov ENU

On the issue of digitalization of agriculture in comparison with other sectors of the economy of Kazakhstan

U. Shalbolova, Zh. Smagulova, R. Rakhmetova — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The issue of overpopulation of the planet is fraught with various consequences, including future food shortages and environmental problems. Currently, the world's economies are unsuccessfully attempting to increase the efficiency of the agricultural sector through the introduction of digital technologies that can significantly increase the productivity of the industry. However, like any other activity, the digitalization of the agricultural sector faces a number of challenges that need to be addressed. The purpose of the article is to study the key barriers and problems of digitalization of agriculture in Kazakhstan against the background of other sectors of the country, as well as against the background of international experience. Methods - statistical analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis, and simple linear regression. Results - the authors have classified the problems and obstacles to the introduction of digital technologies in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the weak development of network infrastructure, lack of qualified specialists, high cost of innovation, and technological barriers. The analysis of the use of information and communication technologies in various sectors of the economy, where the agricultural sector occupies one of the last places, is carried out. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, a simple linear regression method, a forecast of ICT costs in Kazakhstan until 2028 has been compiled. Conclusions – the authors state the importance of digitalization in the development of agriculture in the republic, and therefore specify the problems of digital transformation of the agricultural sector (infrastructural, personnel, institutional, and organizational). In further research, it is possible to analyze the measures taken by the governments of the countries to overcome the obstacles that arise in the way of the digital development of agriculture.

State support for women's entrepreneurship is a factor of sustainable economic development

G. Andabayeva, T. Какizhanova, A. Abinova — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of state support for women's entrepreneurship on the country's economic stability and development. Women's entrepreneurship plays a key role in the global economy, bringing about changes in various sectors of society by creating new jobs and introducing innovative solutions.

This article utilizes comparative analysis methods to determine the level of women's participation in entrepreneurship and the main factors influencing the economy. To determine the relationship between these factors, a correlation analysis and econometric models were used to determine the impact of these factors on GDP per capita. Results: The study will analyze the mechanisms for supporting state programs in Kazakhstan from 2020 to 2024 in terms of financial, legal, and educational and professional development for women, as well as their role in improving economic stability. The impact of support for women's entrepreneurship on reducing social and gender inequality is also considered. It is concluded that effective state support will enable the full realization of women's entrepreneurial potential and will become a sustainable and long-term factor in the country's economic development. By collecting and analyzing statistical data and monitoring women's entrepreneurship, conclusions were drawn regarding systematic changes in both market trends and public policy. Conclusions – the model also confirmed that supporting women's entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan, by stimulating the development and inclusion of all market participants, leads to economic growth. The findings will be useful for researchers, investment project organizers, and government officials.

Economic analysis of the phenomenon of high birth rate in kazakhstan in 2000-2020. theory and methodology issues

F. Kuanganov — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article considers the so-called phenomenon of high birth rate in Kazakhstan in the context of urbanization from the standpoint of economic demography and microeconomics. The subject of this article is the phenomenon of high fertility, examined from the perspective of fertility economics, i.e. economic factors of reproductive behavior; as well as the characteristics of the reproductive attitudes of Kazakhstani families. The objective – to demonstrate the economic determinacy of high birth rate and, using the example of Kazakhstan, to show that the decline in birth rate in countries with a high level of industrialization of the economy and urbanization of society is manageable and reversible. The methods include a review analysis of the literature on solving the problems of demographic growth in the USSR, Europe and the USA, a retrospective and comparative analysis, a systemic analysis of the reproductive behavior of the family, as a "mini-factory", using methods of microeconomic analysis of the reproduction function in households. The results – understanding of the main reasons for the high birth rate in Kazakhstan in the 21st century from the standpoint of economic mechanisms for encouraging the birth rate, as well as the assessment of the possibilities of birth rate management in Kazakhstan based on the economic theory of fertility of the American economist Gary Becker, Nobel laureate in 1992. Conclusions: economic mechanisms for encouraging the birth rate are universal and work even in the context of the demographic transition. The theoretical apparatus and methodology proposed can be used for birth support policy.

Opportunities for digital transformation of the transport industry in Kazakhstan

S. Samiyeva, М. Makysh, В. Bayadilova — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this article is to analyze the current state of digital transformation in Kazakhstan’s transport sector, identify key areas of digital technology implementation, and evaluate their effectiveness in improving the national transport and logistics system. The study examines the impact of digital solutions on infrastructure, management processes, and operational activities, while also identifying barriers that limit the pace of digitalization. Methods – the research applies a systematic approach, comparative and analytical methods, abstract-logical analysis, and economic assessment techniques. Benchmarking against international experience is used, and empirical data are drawn from official statistics, expert evaluations, and national programs such as “Digital Kazakhstan” and “Nurly Zhol.” Results – the study identifies the main directions of digital transformation: intelligent transport systems (ITS), Big Data, IoT, blockchain, cloud services, digital logistics platforms, robotization, and automation of management processes. The analysis of ICT market growth shows that the expansion of digital infrastructure significantly improves transport logistics efficiency. Examples from railway, air, and road transport demonstrate practical digital applications. A model of the “Innovative Development” digital platform is proposed to enhance stakeholder collaboration in the transport and logistics complex. Conclusions – digitalization is a key driver of competitiveness, process optimization, and cost reduction in Kazakhstan’s transport sector. However, limited digital ecosystem development, insufficient human capital, and regulatory constraints hinder progress. Strengthening legislation, integrating unified digital standards, and expanding public–private partnerships are essential for successful digital transformation.

Intergenerational Dynamics in Kazakhstan’s Labor Market: Comparative Analysis of Generations X, Y, and Z and Policy Implications for Human Capital Development

Aissara Serikkyzy, A. Baktymbet, S. Baktymbet — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the analysis of intergenerational dynamics in Kazakhstan’s labor market, with a focus on Generations X, Y, and Z and their contribution to human capital development. Based on the data of the Bureau of National Statistics, a comparison was carried out across key indicators: labor force participation, employment structure, unemployment, entrepreneurial activity, education, digital literacy, mobility, and income. Generation Y (1981–1996) constitutes the core of the economy, accounting for 48.2% of the employed and demonstrating high mobility and entrepreneurial activity. Generation X (1965–1980) retains a significant share (31.5% of the employed), but faces challenges of limited digital adaptation. Generation Z (1997–2012) makes up 19.2% of the labor force, with almost half of its representatives outside employment due to ongoing education; however, their strong digital skills and entrepreneurial aspirations create significant growth potential.

The analysis revealed the following effects: intergenerational inequality in income and employment, the risk of structural mismatches between education and labor market demand, and the existence of a “growth reserve” among youth, provided there are targeted policies. Policy implications for Kazakhstan include flexible adaptation: digital reskilling programs for Generation X, support for innovative and entrepreneurial potential of Generation Y, and the development of professional competencies in Generation Z. The findings emphasize the importance of an intergenerational approach as a foundation for a long-term human capital development strategy and economic diversification.

From Skills to Innovation: The Evolution of Human Capital in the Age of Technology

O. Lashkareva — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Significant changes are occurring in the nature and structure of human capital within rapid technological advancement. This article aims to analyze transformation of human capital under the influence of digitalization, automation, and integration of artificial intelligence. Evolving demands for professional competencies and the emergence of digital human capital as a new paradigm in the knowledge economy are highlighted here.

The article examines key factors influencing human capital development, including digital and soft skills, lifelong learning, emotional intelligence, adaptability. It analyzes international data from such organizations as UN, World Bank, OECD regarding the current state of human capital and the Human Development Index across different countries. The study also covers effective strategies implemented in Kazakhstan and other national contexts for skill development in response to technological change.

A comprehensive methodological approach is employed, combining statistical data analysis, expert interviews, case studies, and comparative analysis. There are recommendations for reforming educational systems, corporate training programs, and public policy to foster a sustainable and competitive human potential.

The novelty of the research lies in the development of a comprehensive concept of digital human capital and the identification of new criteria for its assessment in the modern digital economy.

This article is intended for researchers, educators, policy-makers, and business leaders interested in human capital development in the digital era. It provides a deeper understanding of how societies can adapt to ongoing technological disruptions.

Global innovation index as a tool for assessing the creative economy potential of Kazakhstan: positions and challenges

G. Khajiyeva, M. Yalkunov, S. Tamenova — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of such factors as infrastructure, research and innovation activity, education, and the capacity of businesses to adopt new technologies on the development of creative industries in Kazakhstan. Methods – the study employs general scientific methods, including system analysis, logical reasoning, and comparative analysis, which made it possible to systematize information, assess the effects of various factors, and identify key areas that require attention in the formulation of policy recommendations. To examine the relationships between indicators of innovation development and the dynamics of creative industries, the statistical method of rank correlation was applied. Results – the research explores Kazakhstan’s innovation potential with a focus on the development of the creative economy, drawing on data from the Global Innovation Index (GII). The analysis of Kazakhstan’s current positions across key indicators of innovation development was conducted, with particular emphasis on areas most relevant to the creative economy. Based on the findings, recommendations are proposed to improve the country’s innovation ecosystem, stimulate the growth of creative industries, and foster a sustainable environment for their further development. Conclusions – a strategic, long-term approach-integrating government support with private sector initiatives-will enable Kazakhstan to position itself as a regional hub of innovation and creativity in Central Asia.

Managing Hybrid Teams: A Thematic Synthesis Toward Systemic Alignment and Inclusive Leadership

A. Yesseikyzy, D. Mukhiyayeva, A. Yesseikyzy — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The paper’s objective is to conduct a critical thematic synthesis of current literature on managing hybrid teams and to identify the systemic interactions that foster team effectiveness in the contemporary work environment, where flexibility and access to a global talent pool became significant for the success. This study exploits the thematic extraction method, which allowed to define and categorize secondary data into key dimensions. As the result of the research seven dimensions emerged, such as adaptable leadership, sense of equity and fairness, structure of communication, dimension of trust within the team, integration of the technology, well-being, and cultural sensitivity. The analysis demonstrates allows to conclude that a hybrid team performs efficiently if variety of interconnected elements are orchestrated well. For instance, digital tools allow effective collaboration, but it requires establishing rules and norms of implicit trust. The conclusion of the research is that the leadership needs to act as a key integrating force, thus gluing together the gaps within strategic, emotional, and cultural goals. Moreover, the paper concludes that prevailing Western-centric models prove inadequate for diverse, global organizations undergoing hybrid transitions.

Integrative justification of the effectiveness of environmental protection expenditures: the experience of single-industry towns in the Karaganda region

R. Salimbaeva, A. Adambekova, S. Стамкулов — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of current local (municipal) environmental protection expenditures, and suggests a methodology for its implementation for subsequent practical application.This study is based on an analysis of data received from akimats of the Karaganda region on environmental protection costs and indicators of Environmental Protection Action Plans for single-industry towns of the Karaganda region. The assessment of the effectiveness of environmental protection costs was carried out on the basis of the current international methodology based on the three "E" methodology. As an innovation, a methodological procedure for assessing the effectiveness of municipal environmental protection expenditures based on a multi-criteria assessment is proposed. In addition, economic assessment is considered as an important component for determining policy priorities, including municipal ones. Composite indexes and multi-criteria approaches are used to summarize the multidimensional effectiveness of sustainable development strategies. The results of the study showed that the dominant criterion of effectiveness is a modified method of economic efficiency analysis based on three E–Economy (economy), Efficiency (impact) and Effectiveness (effectiveness). In this regard, it is concluded that it is necessary to apply the methodology of sustainable development – social, environmental and economic components for the sustainable development of city-forming enterprises.

An An examination of trade and investment trends in foreign economic activity

A. Nabieva , T. Baigon; S. Saparbaeva — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The current development of the global economy is accompanied by a significant increase in the interdependence of states, which is reflected in the growth of international trade and the dynamics of global investment flows. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of foreign economic activity, encompassing international trade, investment cooperation, scientific and technical interaction, and monetary and financial relations, and to identify the main factors and issues influencing its development in the context of national economic growth. Methods - the dialectical method, abstract logical approach, comparative analysis, and systems approach are used to assess the relationships between types of foreign economic activity and their cumulative impact on the economy. Indicators characterizing the development of international trade, attracting foreign investment, and the level of scientific and technical interaction are presented. Results - the impact of foreign economic activity on national development is calculated, including strengthening productive potential, improving the trade balance, and stimulating technological innovation. The article substantiates how effective management of foreign economic processes and compliance with international financial standards contribute to increased economic stability. The authors acknowledge the importance of foreign economic activity in ensuring sustainable development and economic competitiveness.

Migration attractiveness of Kazakhstan’s regions

Zh. Khishauyeva — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the study of external and internal migration of the population of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the article is to identify attractive regions of Kazakhstan for migrants. The work has significant scientific and practical significance, since the results of this study can be used in the strategic planning of territorial development and in the development of government measures to regulate migration processes. The research methodology included a comparative approach, a method of grouping data, and calculating the overall coefficient of migration attractiveness. The results of the study showed that only Astana is a city with high attractiveness, Almaty region and the cities of Almaty, Shymkent are regions with medium attractiveness, and the rest of the regions of Kazakhstan are with low attractiveness for migrants. Calculations of the coefficient of overall migration attractiveness of the regions of Kazakhstan show that in 2020-2024, only in the cities of Astana, Almaty, Shymkent and in Almaty region (from 2022), Mangystau region, the coefficient of overall migration attractiveness is higher than 1, which means that the attractiveness of these regions for migrants is higher than that of other regions. The value and novelty of the conducted research lie in grouping the regions of Kazakhstan according to the balance of total population migration, assessing the socio-economic factors of the attractiveness of regions for migrants, which can be applied in the work of government agencies.

Integration of ESG Principles into Strategic Planning of Enterprises in Kazakhstan: Regression Analysis of Impact

L. Spankulova, S. Zeinolla, A. Tleppaev — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective – to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) principles into the strategic planning of enterprises in Kazakhstan, and to analyze the impact of various ESG factors, such as investments in environmental and social projects, on the financial and social outcomes of companies and their long-term sustainability. Methods – regression analysis was applied to identify the relationship between investments in fixed capital and social indicators, such as birth and death rates. Results – a regression analysis was conducted, revealing statistically significant dependencies between investments in fixed capital, social indicators, and financial results. Recommendations for improving ESG strategies aimed at enhancing the sustainability and competitiveness of enterprises in Kazakhstan were developed. Conclusions – the authors highlight that the integration of ESG principles into strategic planning contributes to the improvement of the long-term financial and social sustainability of enterprises, emphasizing the need to increase investments in environmental and social projects for sustainable development.

Regression model of the relationship between the Kazakh tenge exchange rate (KZT/USD) and the price of Brent crude oil

T. Akanayeva — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Massive use and export of natural resources, in particular energy resources, can cause a complex of unfavorable economic phenomena, one of which is the “dutch disease”. Objective – to test the hypothesis that Kazakhstan failed to fully avoid the influence of the “dutch disease” currency channel: fluctuations in Brent oil prices cause fluctuations in the exchange rate of the national currency against the US dollar (KZT/USD) and increase uncertainty, which has an even greater negative impact on foreign trade and the level of foreign investment. Methods – correlation and regression analysis was applied in Statistica software based on 3372 observations in the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2024. Results - an empirical study of the relationship between the time series of the daily exchange rate KZT/USD and daily prices for Brent oil was carried out, regression models were built by year, of which five models indicate the presence of a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables under consideration. Conclusions - the author states the effect of the “dutch disease” currency channel in the Kazakh economy with different intensity in certain periods of the time period under study.

Methodological aspects of formation of budget policy of the organization of higher and post-graduate education in Kazakhstan

N. Urazbayev , M. Zamirbekkyzy, A. Kulmaganbetova — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article explores the issues of the conceptual foundations of the process of developing the budgetary policy of the organization of higher and (or) postgraduate education in terms of the formation of the revenue side of the budget, the effectiveness of budget expenditures of the organization of higher and postgraduate education in order to achieve the indicators of the Development Plan. The strategic plan for university development focuses on ensuring the sustainability of financial resources and budgets. In this article, based on the systematization of the principles of forming the revenue and expenditure part of the budget of the Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan and the conceptual foundations of the result-oriented budgeting method, methods for ensuring the effectiveness of university budget expenditures are proposed. It indicates which budget items should be paid attention to when forming the expenditure part of the budget of the organization of higher and postgraduate education. The proposed recommendations make it possible to avoid possible risks when forming the budget of the universities. This methodology should become a key aspect of the universities cost management system, the basis of university management and a mechanism for the formation of the «managerial» accounting policy of organization of higher and postgraduate education.

Payment System Infrastructure Amid the Development of Digital Technologies in Kazakhstan

A. Kushurova, G. Alina, D. Kerimkulova — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the current global economy, digital transformation encompasses all segments of the financial market, with the digitalization of the banking sector being a key element of this process. Studying the current state and development prospects of Kazakhstan’s payment system infrastructure is essential for the country’s economic growth. Objective – to identify the key factors influencing the development of the payment system and to assess the impact of digital innovations on the stability, security, and efficiency of payment mechanisms. Methods – includes an analysis of the legal and regulatory framework of the Republic of Kazakhstan, a comparative study of central bank digital currency (CBDC) implementation among EAEU countries, a dynamic analysis of SMEs over the past 10 years, and statistical data provided by the National Bank of Kazakhstan, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and other analytical institutions. Results – this article will review the latest changes and innovations in cashless payments, as well as identify the upcoming trends in the development of the payment sphere in Kazakhstan. Conclusions – the authors determine the key factors influencing the pace of digitalization of payment systems and formulate priority directions for further development of payment infrastructure.

Banking Infrastructure for Building Kazakhstan’s Financial Ecosystem in the Digital Era

A. Boranbayeva, A. Assilova, W. Wei — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective – to examine how the development of banking infrastructure influences the formation of the financial ecosystem amid ongoing digitalization in Kazakhstan. The study aims to identify causal relationships between infrastructural growth and key macroeconomic indicators. Methods – a combination of quantitative, correlation, and regression analyses was applied to assess the interaction between infrastructure variables (number of bank cards, POS terminals, ATMs) and macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, GDP per capita, and population size. Results – the analysis revealed a stable positive relationship between the expansion of banking infrastructure and the main indicators of economic growth. The results suggest that the modernization of financial infrastructure enhances the accessibility of digital financial services and supports the transition to a more inclusive and efficient financial system. Conclusions – banking infrastructure serves as a fundamental driver of digital transformation in the national economy. The study’s findings can be used to refine public policy in digital finance, guide investment priorities, and inform the design of sustainable business models that expand financial inclusion and competitiveness in Kazakhstan’s digital environment.

Models of Accounting and Reporting of Social Benefits in Companies of Kazakhstan Using IFRS and International Experience

G. Amanova; N. Aidargaliyeva; B. Korabaev — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the models of accounting and reporting of social benefits in companies of Kazakhstan using International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as well as international experience in this area. Social benefits are an essential part of companies' obligations to their employees, including pensions, disability payments, medical care, and other benefits. Developing effective models for accounting these obligations is crucial for ensuring the transparency of financial statements and increasing investor confidence.

The theoretical part of the study explores the key aspects of applying IFRS in the field of social benefits accounting, as well as the main principles and requirements for companies implementing international standards. Special attention is given to IAS 19 «Employee Benefits,» which is the primary regulatory standard governing the accounting of social benefits under IFRS.

The practical part of the study focuses on analyzing current practices of social benefits accounting in Kazakhstan, as well as identifying problems and shortcomings in the existing system. Examples of applying international experience in the field of social obligations accounting and its integration into corporate practices in Kazakhstan are also discussed.

In conclusion, the authors emphasize the importance of integrating IFRS into the system of social benefits accounting to improve financial reporting and enhance the level of trust from international investors. Recommendations are provided for improving the accounting of social benefits in companies in Kazakhstan based on international experience.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of state support programs for entrepreneur-ship in Kazakhstan

A. Zhumabekov, Zh. Osmanov, A. Zubecs — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of state support for entrepreneurship in the context of the new economic policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The goal is to examine the key directions of government policy aimed at stimulating the development of small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), improving the business environment, and enhancing the competitiveness of the economy. Special attention is given to support mechanisms, including interest rate subsidies on loans, financial assistance for innovative and export-oriented projects, as well as the development of entrepreneurial infrastructure through digital platforms such as “Government for Business.” Methods – analysis of existing state support measures, systemic and comparative approaches, assessment of the effectiveness of programs and digital platforms “Government for Business.” The study analyzes the effectiveness of current measures and identifies implementation challenges, including bureaucratic barriers, regional disparities, and insufficient digitalization. Results – effective support mechanisms (loan subsidies, financial assistance for innovative and export projects, infrastructure development) as well as existing implementation problems (bureaucratic barriers, regional disparities, insufficient digitalization) were identified. Based on the findings, recommendations were formulated to improve government programs considering global economic changes, ESG initiatives, and integration into international markets. Conclusions – SMEs play an important role in job creation, increasing export potential, and ensuring sustainable economic development; recommendations have been proposed to enhance government programs in light of global economic changes, ESG initiatives, and integration into global markets. The article emphasizes the role of the state in stimulating SME growth, creating jobs, increasing export potential, and ensuring sustainable entrepreneurial development.

Evaluating the Coherence of Kazakhstan’s Rural Water Supply Programs within the Framework of Sustainable Development

A. Mashaeva, A. Zhupysheva, A. Petrov — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective – to assess the degree of coherence between the Republic of Kazakhstan’s national strategies and program documents on rural water supply and the priorities of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), identify existing gaps, and propose measures to improve policy effectiveness. Methods – a mixed-methods approach was employed, including content analysis of over 20 strategic documents (2002–2025), comparative analysis of goals and indicators, and a SWOT analysis of the Concept for Housing and Utility Infrastructure Development (2023–2029). Quantitative analysis and visualization of regional disparities based on Key National Indicators (KNI 13 and KNI 36) were performed using the R programming language. Results – the analysis revealed substantive alignment in thematic areas such as digitalization and sustainable water use. Quantitatively, while the national average for rural water access (KNI 13) reached 97.8% in 2024, the analysis showed substantial regional underperformance in the implementation of water-saving technologies (KNI 36) in several regions, primarily due to insufficient funding and a lack of Design and Estimate Documentation. Conclusions – the study confirms the hypothesis that insufficient policy coherence, combined with territorial imbalances, limits the achievement of sustainable rural water supply targets, underscoring the necessity for reinforced interagency coordination and the establishment of unified, SDG-aligned monitoring systems.

The evaluation of stakeholder maturity in the development of sustainable tourism

В. Almukhambetova, А. Baimbetova, B. Yrza — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose of study - of this research is to identify the extent of which representatives in the tourism business, government authorities, public organizations, and the local population are aware of and interpret the principles of sustainable tourism, as well as determine the key factors influencing the effectiveness of their interaction. The methodology - of the study consists of semi-structured interviews with various stakeholder groups, content analysis of conveniently transcribed material and finally a comparison with benchmark-maturity models with these achieved findings. The findings of this research can be employed to draw up recommendations for politicians, local communities and businesses about how to improve the planning and implementation of environmental, socially responsible activities. As well as the respondents as a whole have only a fragmented, sometimes inconsistent grasp of sustainable development and there is little communication between groups. Comparison with benchmark maturity models revealed significant differences between the current and the required levels of interaction. Conclusion - improving stakeholder maturity has become a key requirement for forming a balanced strategy for sustainable tourism development. It is recommended to strengthen institutional coordination, expand educational programs, and implement mechanisms for systematic cooperation, which will help reinforce the competitiveness of the city of Turkestan.